【关键词】 肿瘤细胞
【摘要】 目的 研究胃癌组织基质金属蛋白酶-7(MMP-7)基因表达与胃癌门静脉血道转移及胃癌病理特征之间的关系,探讨其临床意义。方法 采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)方法检测30例胃癌患者癌组织和正常黏膜MMP-7mRNA,采用RT-PCR方法检测30例胃癌患者和10例腹腔良性疾病患者门静脉血中细胞角蛋白20的mRNA(CK20mRNA)。结果 胃癌组织MMP-7mRNA表达率为60%(18/30),明显高于远端正常组织的(4/11)11%(P<0.001);胃癌组有MMP-7基因表达的门静脉血CK20mRNA检出率达83.3%(15/18),显著高于无MMP-7基因表达的(1/12)8.3%(P<0.001);MMP-7基因表达与组织分化、TNM分期和肿瘤浸润深度相关(P<0.05);对照组门静脉血中CK20mRNA均为阴性。结论 MMP-7基因表达与胃癌血行转移有关,参与了胃癌的浸润、转移过程,有助于判断预后,MMP-7基因表达阳性的胃癌患者应尽早行全身化疗。
【关键词】 胃肿瘤;肿瘤细胞;聚合酶链反应;细胞角蛋白20;基质金属蛋白酶-7;转移
Expression of MMP-7 gene in gastric cancer tissues and its correlation with metastasis in portal vein blood
ZHANG Chang-le,XIANG He-ping.
Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China
【Abstract】 Objective To study the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) mRNA in gastric cancer and the relationship with clinicopathologic factors and metastasis in portal venous blood,explore its clinical significance.Methods Reverse transcriptase-polymerse chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to detect the MMP-7 mRNA in tumor tissues and in the surrounding normal tissues of 30 patients with gastric cancer,RT-PCR was used to detect the CK20 mRNA in portal venous blood of 30 patients with gastric cancer and 10 patients with benign disease who underwent laparotomy served as controls.Results The positive rate of MMP-7 mRNA in tumor tissues 60%(18/30)were significantly higher than those the surrounding normal tissues 11%(4/11),(P<0.001). The positive rate of CK20 mRNA of portal venous blood in patients with MMP-7 mRNA expression(83.3%,15/18)were significantly higher than those without MMP-7 expression (8.3%,1/12),(P<0.001). The overexpression of MMP-7 mRNA was also related to different gastric cancer cell line,the TNM classification and the stage of the cancer (P<0.05).None of 10 patients with benign disease was positive.Conclusion MMP-7 gene may play a role in the blood metastasis of patients with gastric cancer. All the patients with over expression of MMP-7 mRNA should be chemical cured as soon as early and it also can be helpful to the judgement of prognosis of gastric cancer.
【Key words】 stomach neoplasm;tumour cells;reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction;cytokeratin 20;MMP-7;metastasis
胃癌是常见的恶性肿瘤之一,在我国发病率及死亡率居各种肿瘤之首,转移是胃癌的主要死亡原因。胃癌的浸润和转移是多步骤的复杂过程,其机制尚不清楚,但基底膜和细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)的降解是其中的必要条件。基质金属蛋白酶(matrix metalloproteinase,MMP)家族已被证明可以降解基底膜和ECM,与肿瘤的浸润和转移密切相关[1],它的高表达与癌细胞的浸润和转移特性相关[2]。肿瘤的血液转移与胃癌患者的预后密切相关,及早检出血液中的癌细胞,进而采取有效的阻断治疗,是提高疗效的关键,RT-PCR检测具有高度敏感性和特异性,可在106~107个正常细胞中检测出1个癌细胞,被认为是目前检测微转移的最有效方法[3]。成功的肿瘤微转移的检测取决于是否具有适当的肿瘤标志物。CK20由Moll[4]等于1990年发现,含42个氨基酸,分子量为48553,等电点为566,为酸性CK。不同于其他CK,CK20具有更为严格的上皮组织特异性,在正常组织中CK20见于胃黏膜,幽门腺体细胞,十二指肠黏膜,肠黏膜,泌尿系伞状细胞,表皮MerKel细胞,而其他组织如血液、淋巴细胞、平滑肌、乳腺等均为阴性,且CK20在细胞发生化生、癌变、肿瘤转移、体外培养等改变时,持续阳性表达[5,6]。检测胃癌患者血液CK20可作为癌细胞血液播散的标志,有助于判断胃癌患者有无血液转移。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 收集本院2003年5月~2004年5月收治的胃癌病人30例为实验组,全部病例均经胃镜病理证实;术前检查无其他部位的恶性肿瘤;术前未接受放疗和化疗;全部病例均经手术切除治疗。收集本院同期住院开腹手术的良性疾病患者10例,作为对照组。实验组男18例,女12例;年龄38~77岁,平均年龄59.5岁。
1.2 标本采集 于手术进腹后立即寻找到胃网膜右静脉,置入导管至门静脉,抽取各5ml门静脉血,立即以肝素抗凝存于-70℃低温冰箱中保存,留待检测血CK20mRNA。胃癌标本离体后,如有大体浆膜浸润,先描记浆膜受侵范围,随后立即取一小块肿瘤组织及一小块距肿瘤5cm以上正常胃黏膜组织作为对照,用生理盐水及0.1%焦碳酸乙二酯(DEPC)冲洗后存于-70℃低温冰箱中保存留待检测MMP-7mRNA,所有器械均经0.1%DEPC液浸泡24h去RNA酶处理。
1.3 引物 根据GenBank核酸数据库MMP-7(NM002423)、CK20(X73502):使用Primer Premier 5.0设计3对引物:MMP-7:目的基因扩增片段长286bp;sense:5′-GAGACTTACCGCATATTACA-3′;antisense:5′-GAATGTCCCATACCCAAAC-3′。CK20:目的基因扩增片段长280bp;sense:5′-GAACAGGCTCAGGACTATCT-3′;anti-sense:5′-CCACTGTAATATGCGGTAAG-3′。
