《中国图书资料分类法》分类号R73-36
Effects of E1A Gene on Chemosensitivity of Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells
Qian XinlaiZhao QingzhengWang ZhengChen YanYuan Zhiqing
(Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021)
AbstractObjective: To investigate the effects of adenovirus type 5 E1A gene (Ad5E1A) on chemosensitivity of human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Methods: The recombinant pcDNA3-E1A, a mammalian-expressing vector was introduced into the Anip973 cells with lipofectAMINE. The cells resistant G418 were selected. Dishes (24-well) were inoculated with Anip973, Anip973-vect and Anip973-E1A cells. Subconfluent monolayers were treated with cisplatin, paclitaxel and VP16 for 24 h, respectively. Viability of the cells was quantitated with MTT method. Results: The sensitivity of Anip973-E1A cells to cytotoxic agents (cisplatin and paclitaxel) was dramatically increased. The IC50 values for cisplatin and paclitaxel were reduced to approximate 7-fold in Anip973-E1A cells as compared with Anip973-vect cells. For VP16, the sensitivity was not changed. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that E1A gene was capable of enhancing the sensitivity of human lung adenocarcinoma cells to cytotoxic agents (cisplatin and paclitaxel), and the increased sensitivity was associated with the reduction of p185 level, suggesting the possibility of using E1A gene combined with anticancer agents to improve tumor treatment.
Key wordsE1A gene; human lung adenocarcinoma cells; gene therapy; chemotherapeutic sensitivity
肺癌是严重危害人类健康的常见恶性肿瘤之一。近年来,其发病率仍在不断增高。我国沿海城市肺癌在男性中已占首位,在女性中居第2或第3位[1]。虽经多年努力,其5年生存率仍然较低。研究表明,化疗对非小细胞肺癌的效果较差[2,3],因此,积极寻找能提高化疗药物治疗效果的新方法(如辅以基因治疗的综合治疗等)是非小细胞肺癌治疗中的关键问题之一。
腺病毒5型早期区1A(Ad5E1A)基因是新近发现的一种肿瘤抑制基因,其主要产物为243R和289R两种蛋白质。它能从正向或反向2个途经调控多种细胞基因的转录[4]。E1A基因能抑制某些癌基因如HER-2/neu基因和激活某些抑癌基因如p53基因等,并与一些癌细胞对化疗药物的敏感性有一定关系[5,6],从而受到研究者的关注。我们构建了能在真核细胞高表达E1A基因的载体[6],经脂质体介导转染人肺腺癌细胞系Anip973,经G418筛选,获得了稳定表达E1A的转染细胞[8];观察了E1A基因对化疗药物顺铂、泰素及VP16对该细胞系杀伤作用的影响。
1材料与方法
1.1主要试剂及材料
Taq酶、限制性内切酶、T4连接酶、Trizol试剂、M-MLV逆转录酶为Promega公司和Gibco-BRL公司产品。HER-2/neu鼠抗人单克隆抗体为Zymed公司产品。含全长E1A基因的质粒、真核细胞表达载体空质粒pcDNA3(含neo基因)及受体菌HB101均为本室保存。人肺腺癌细胞系Anip973引自哈尔滨医科大学细胞生物学教研室。培养条件为含10%新生牛血清的RPMI-1640培养基,5%CO2培养箱37℃。
1.2质粒的提取、纯化、鉴定及细菌转化等按文献[7]进行。
1.3药物敏感性实验
取对数生长期的Anip973,Anip973-vect和Anip973-E1A细胞接种24孔培养板,每孔接种5×104细胞,每组均设空白对照。70%~80%亚汇合态时,分别用不同浓度顺铂(0 μmol/L, 12.5 μmol/L, 25 μmol/L, 50 μmol/L, 100 μmol/L)、泰素(0 μmol/L, 0.01 μmol/L, 0.05 μmol/L, 0.25 μmol/L, 1.25 μmol/L, 6.25 μmol/L, 12.5 μmol/L, 31.25 μmol/L)及VP16(0 μmol/L, 2 μmol/L, 5 μmol/L, 10 μmol/L, 20 μmol/L, 40 μmol/L, 80 μmol/L)处理细胞,24 h后用MTT法测定490 nm吸光值,计算细胞存活率并绘图。并用50 μmol/L顺铂处理细胞观察不通时间(0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36 h)增敏效应。
1.4免疫细胞化学染色
采用S-P法,HER-2/neu单抗稀释倍数为1∶50。
2结果
2.1E1A基因的化疗增敏作用
顺铂、泰素和VP16对Anip973,Anip973-vect和Anip973-E1A细胞杀伤作用的剂量效应曲线(图1A,B,C)显示,Anip973-E1A细胞对顺铂和泰素的敏感性明显高于Anip973和Anip973-vect细胞。顺铂的IC50值约减少了7倍。但是,E1A基因对VP16未显示增敏效应。
同一浓度顺铂(50 μmol/L)处理细胞的时间效应曲线(图2)也表明,Anip973-E1A细胞对顺铂的杀伤作用敏感,从12 h以后顺铂对Anip973-E1A细胞杀伤作用与顺铂对Anip973和Anip973-vect细胞杀伤作用之间的差别随时间的延长逐渐增大。
2.2E1A基因抑制HER-2/neu的表达
图1顺铂、泰素和VP16对Anip973,Anip973-vect和Anip973-E1A细胞杀伤作用的剂量效应曲线
Fig.1Cisplatin, Paclitaxel and VP16 cytotoxicity dose-response curve of Anip973, Anip973-vect and Anip973-E1A cells
A: Cisplatin; B: Paclitaxel; C: VP16
免疫细胞化学染色结果(图3)显示,Anip973和Anip973-vect细胞HER-2/neu均较高表达,而Anip973-E1A细胞HER-2/neu表达降低。
3讨论
长期以来,化疗对非小细胞肺癌的效果较差,虽然经过不断的探索努力,采用不同的治疗方案等,但效果仍然不理想。如Sandler等报道顺铂单药有效率仅9.1%[2],孙燕等报道泰素单药有效率在20%左右[3]。因此,如何提高非小细胞肺癌对化疗药物的敏感性是非小细胞肺癌治疗中的关键问题之一。随着基因治疗研究的不断深入,在恶性肿瘤的治疗方面,化疗和基因治疗的联合应用有可能成为新的综合治疗途径之一。
图2顺铂对Anip973, Anip973-vect and Anip973-E1A处理
细胞的时间效应曲线(顺铂浓度:50 μmol/L)
Fig. 2Cisplatin cytotoxicity time-response curve of Anip973,
Anip973-vect and Anip973-E1A cells
图3转染前(A)后(B)HER-2/neu产物(p185蛋白)表达
免疫细胞化学染色结果
Fig. 3Immunocytochemical staining of the p185 protein in
Anip973-vect(A) and Anip973-E1A (B) cells
本研究用真核高表达重组质粒pcDNA3-E1A。并用脂质体介导将E1A基因转导入Anip973细胞系中。结果显示,与Anip973,Anip973-vect细胞比较,Anip973-E1A细胞对顺铂、泰素的敏感性显著增加,顺铂的IC50值减少了7倍;从12 h以后顺铂对Anip973-E1A细胞杀伤作用与顺铂对Anip973-vect细胞杀伤作用之间的差别随时间的延长逐渐增大。免疫细胞化学染色结果显示,本研究所选用的受体细胞系 HER-2/neu较高表达;而稳定表达E1A的Anip973-E1A细胞HER-2/neu表达水平降低,说明E1A基因抑制了HER-2/neu的表达,与文献报道一
