【中图分类号】R734.202
Expression and clinical significance of p53 protein, estrogen and progesterone receptors in non-small cell lung cancer
ZHANG HaiqingLU FudongDENG LihongWANG ShuzhengYAN Hong
(Department of Pathology, Beijing Thorax Tumor and Tuberculosis Hospital (Institute), Beijing 101149, P.R.China)
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo investigate the relationships between expression of tumor suppressor gene p53 protein, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and clinicopathology and prognosis in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MethodsExpression of p53 protein, ER and PR in 147 NSCLC specimen was detected by SP immunohistochemistry method. ResultsOverall, 61.2%(90/147) tumor tissues had positive p53 staining. The positive rate of p53 expression in squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma and large cell carcinoma was 63.5%(40/63), 57.6%(38/66), 66.7%(10/14), and 50%(2/4) respectively. The overexpression of p53 protein was associated with the prognosis of patients with adenocarcinoma, the positive rate of p53 expression of patients who survived for less than 3 years was 75%, which was significantly higher than 44.7% of patients who survived for more than 3 years(P<0.025). For ER and PR, the overall positive rate was 49.7%(73/147) and 76.9%(113/147) respectively. The positive rate of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than that of squamous cell carcinoma (P<0.005). Besides, expression area of ER and PR was often in the nucleus for squamous cell carcinoma and in the cytoplasma for adenocarcinoma (P<0.005). The 3-year survival rate in patients with cytoplasma-staining for PR was significantly higher than that with nucleus-staining (P<0.025). ConclusionThe results suggest that overexpression of p53 in adenocarcinoma could be used as a prognostic factor for the patients. Detection of ER and PR may have a definite value in differentiating squamous cell carcinoma from adenocarcinoma. The prognosis is poor for PCR-positive patients with nucleus-staining.
【Key words】Lung neoplasmsp53 proteinEstrogenProgesteroneReceptor
p53基因是人类肿瘤中突变率最高的抑癌基因,其在肺癌中的突变率超过了50%[1],可达100%[2]。人们对雌激素受体(estrogen receptor, ER)和孕激素受体(progesterone receptor, PR)在肺癌中的表达及其临床价值尚有不同见解。我们用免疫组织化学方法检测了147例非小细胞肺癌石蜡包埋组织,并结合临床病理资料,进一步探讨了p53蛋白、ER、PR阳性表达与非小细胞肺癌临床病理和预后的关系。
1材料和方法
1.1标本及临床病理资料本研究所用资料均系北京胸部肿瘤结核病医院1993年1月至1994年12月间手术切除的原发性非小细胞肺癌标本,共计147例。男性103例,女性44例。年龄32~75岁,平均56.2岁。所有病例均按世界卫生组织1981年肺癌分型标准分类,鳞癌63例,腺癌66例,鳞腺癌14例,大细胞癌4例。按1997年国际肺癌分期标准,Ⅰ期肺癌75例,Ⅱ期肺癌20例,Ⅲ期肺癌49例,Ⅳ期肺癌3例。高分化癌9例,中分化癌112例,低分化癌26例。淋巴结转移61例,无淋巴结转移86例。以上病例均有详细的随访结果,随访时间为3~5年。
1.2免疫组织化学法将10%福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋的癌组织制成4~5μm切片,常规脱蜡,浸入0.01mol/L、pH为6.0的枸橼酸盐缓冲液内,微波炉抗原修复15分钟,温度为92~98℃。用SP法进行免疫组织化学染色。p53(DO-1)单克隆抗体为美国Santa Cruz公司产品,ER、PR及SP试剂盒系北京中山生物试剂公司提供的Zymed公司产品。p53单克隆抗体以肿瘤细胞核内出现棕黄色颗粒为阳性细胞,ER、PR以肿瘤细胞核或浆出现典型棕黄色颗粒为阳性,阳性细胞数目在10%~25%为(+),25%~50%为(),超过50%为()。每次实验均设阳性和阴性对照。p53蛋白用已知肺癌阳性切片作对照,用正常肺组织作阴性对照。ER、PR用已知乳腺癌阳性切片作阳性对照,阴性对照用PBS代替一抗。
1.3数据处理行χ2检验,P<0.05为有显著性差异。
2结果
2.1p53免疫组化结果及其与临床病理、预后的相关性p53蛋白定位于肿瘤细胞核内(图1、2),肺组织和非肿瘤组织均为阴性。本组p53蛋白总阳性率为61.2%(90/147),其中鳞癌阳性率为63.5%(40/63),腺癌阳性率为57.6%(38/66),鳞腺癌为66.7%(10/14),大细胞癌为50%(2/4)。p53蛋白阳性表达与肺腺癌的预后有明显相关性,即p53蛋白阳性表达的肺腺癌3年生存率低,为51.5%(17/38),而阴性表达者3年生存率高,为75%(21/28),两者差异有显著性(P<0.025)。p53蛋白阳性表达与肺癌组织学类型、肿瘤分化程度、肺癌分期、有无淋巴结转移等无关。
图1鳞癌p53蛋白阳性×200
细胞核呈棕黄色
Fig 1p53-positive squamous cell carcinoma by SP immunohistochemical method×200
The nuclei of cancer cells were in brown-yellow.
图2腺癌p53蛋白阳性×400
细胞核呈棕黄色
Fig 2p53-positive adenocarcinoma by SP immunohistochemical method×400
The nuclei of cancer cells were in brown-yellow.
2.2ER、PR免疫组化结果及其与临床病理、预后的相关性
2.2.1免疫组化结果ER、PR阳性部位定位于肿瘤细胞核或胞浆(图3~5)。ER和PR总阳性率分别为49.7%(73/147)和76.9%(113/147),鳞癌和腺癌的ER阳性率分别为38.1%(24/63)和66.7%(44/66),PR阳性率分别为66.7%(42/63)和90.9%(60/66)。总体观察,ER阳性反应较弱,多为(+),而PR反应较强,大部分为(+++)。
图3腺癌ER阳性×400
肿瘤细胞浆内见大量棕黄色颗粒
Fig 3ER-positive adenocarcinoma by SP immunohistochemical method×400
There were a lot of brown-yellow granules in the cytoplasma of cancer cell.
图4鳞癌PR阳性×200
肿瘤细胞核呈棕黄色
Fig 4PR-positive squamous cell carcinoma by SP immunohistochemical method×200
The nuclei of cancer cells were in brown-yellow.
