A multicenter randomized phase Ⅱ trial of domestic product of rhG-CSF(Rui Xue Xin) in preventing leukopenia caused by chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer
ZHOU Qinghua, QIU Meng, HOU Mei, REN Li, LI Lu, YI Cheng, YANG Yuqiong, LIU Lunxu, LI Zhiping, XU Yong, LUO Deyun, WANG Qixia, ZHANG Lijian, LIN Jiangtao, SHI Jing. Cancer Center, The First University Hospital, West China University of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R.China
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect and toxicity of the domestic product of rhG-CSF (Rui Xue Xin) in preventing leukopenia caused by chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer. Methods67 patients in multicenter were randomly devided into AB group and BA group. The first cycle was a trial cycle (chemotherapy plus injection of Rui Xue Xin), and the second cycle was a control cycle (chemotherapy alone) in AB group. On the contrast, the first cycle was a control cycle, and the second cycle was a trial cycle in BA group. The changes of white blood cell (WBC) and absolute neutrophil counts (ANC), and the side effect of Rui Xue Xin were observed and compared between the trial cycle and control cycle. ResultsOf the 67 patients, 6 cases were out of the trial because of patient compliance, and the another one case due to fever, and the other 61 cases could be used to analyze and to evaluate the effects and toxicity of Rui Xue Xin. The duration of leukopenia and neutropenia in cycle A was significantly shorter than that in cycle B (P<0.01). The nadirs of WBC and ANC following chemotherapy were remarkably higher in cycle A than those in cycle B (P<0.01). The incidence of chemotherapy delay due to WBC<4.0×109/L on the 21st day after chemotherapy in cycle A was also significantly lower than that in cycle B (P<0.01). The total rate of side effects of Rui Xue Xin was 26.2%, including pain and scleroma on the injection sites, weakness, fever. But, all of them were mild and didn't need to give any treatment. ConclusionThe results demonstrate that Rui Xue Xin is able to reduce the degree of leukopenia and neutropenia, and to shorten the duration of leukopenia and neutropenia caused by chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer. The toxicity is also slight.
【Key words】Lung neoplasmsrhG-CSFRui Xue XinChemotherapyLeukopenia
利用基因工程技术生产的基因重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(recombinant human granulocyte stimulating factor, rhG-CSF)在国内外均广泛应用于临床,并被证明具有刺激粒细胞集落形成单位(CFU-G)向人中性粒细胞的分化成熟,增加中性粒细胞的数量,并刺激其向外周血释放,对恶性肿瘤化疗后的粒细胞减少,具有明显预防和治疗作用[1~5]。根据卫生部药品评审中心(1997)卫药审中字第021号文下达的任务,我们对深圳市新鹏投资发展有限公司研制的rhG-CSF(商品名瑞血新)进行了多中心、单盲随机、自身交叉对照的Ⅱ期临床试验,以评价其防治化疗后白细胞和中性粒细胞降低的疗效,并观察其不良反应。现将结果报告如下。
1材料与方法
1.1.病例纳入标准①经病理学或细胞学检查证实,需行化疗治疗的肺癌患者;②年龄14~70岁;③一般状况评分KPS>60分,预计生存时间>3个月者;④无血液系统疾病。入组前两次检查白细胞总数(WBC)≥3.5×109/L,血小板计数(Plt)≥80.0×109/L;⑤入组前心、肝、肾等主要脏器功能正常;⑥既往未接受过放、化疗或放、化疗停止1个月以上;⑦自愿受试,已获得患者或家属知情同意。
1.2.病例排除标准①孕妇和哺乳期妇女;②骨髓检查证实有肿瘤侵犯;③影响病情叙述、检查不合作的肺癌脑转移患者;④干扰骨、关节疼痛等不良反应观察的骨转移患者;⑤有高血压或低血压史者;⑥对本药或其它生物制品过敏者;⑦有其它化疗禁忌症者。
1.3试验药品本试验所用人重组粒细胞集落刺激因子(瑞血新)为深圳市新鹏投资发展有限公司研制,规格为150?μg/支注射液,批号9607,保存于4℃冰箱备用,有效期3年。
1.4研究方法本试验为多中心、单盲随机、自身交叉对照研究。
1.4.1分组原则与方法入组病例按统一规定的随机表,采用自身交叉对照,按入组顺序先后随机分入AB组和BA组,每1例患者连续观察2个周期。AB组患者第1周期为治疗周期(A周期),采用化疗加瑞血新治疗;第2周期为对照周期(B周期),采用单纯化疗。BA组第1周期为对照周期(B周期),采用单纯化疗;第2周期为治疗周期(A周期),采用化疗加瑞血新治疗。
1.4.2化疗方案采用CE(CBP?350?mg/m2静脉给药,第1天,VP-16?120?mg/m2静脉给药,第1~3天)或MVP(MMC?6?mg静脉给药,第1天,VDS?3?mg静脉给药,第1天,DDP?90~100?mg/m2静脉给药,第1或1~3天)方案,21?d为一周期。同一患者A、B周期化疗药物、剂量及用药顺序均完全一致。化疗中可酌情给予水化、止吐及其它对症处理。
1.4.3瑞血新的用法及用量所有患者自A周期化疗药物给药结束后48?h起,每日1次皮下注射瑞血新5?μg/kg,连续注射14?d或疗程>7?d后连续2次ANC≥5.0×109/L(或WBC≥10.0×109/L)停药。
1.5观察项目化疗前及化疗开始后隔日查血常规,每日测体温、脉搏、呼吸、血压各一次;每周期化疗前后各查肝、肾功能、尿常规、心电图各一次;每日详细记录有无不良反应,并记录其表现、发生时间、程度、处理经过及转归。不良反应按WHO毒性评价标准评定。
1.6疗效评价参数及标准
1.6.1根据化疗前及化疗开始后隔日检查血常规,以治疗周期开始给瑞血新的第1天为0天(对照周期则以相对应的时间为0天),分别计算出A周期与B周期逐次的外周血WBC、ANC计数的平均值,并绘出其相应的动态曲线。
1.6.2分别计算出A周期与B周期病例的WBC及ANC最低值。
1.6.3记录WBC<4.0×109/L、<3.0×109/L、<2.0×109/L、<1.0×109/L;ANC<2.0×109/L、<1.5×109/L、<1.0×109/L和<0.5×109/L的持续时间。
1.6.4根据化疗第21天时WBC及ANC值,以及由于WBC及ANC降低而延迟化疗的病例数,计算化疗延迟的发生率。
1.7统计学处理逐日动态数据、WBC、ANC最低值,化疗第21天的WBC及ANC值的比较用交叉试验设计方差分析;WBC分别<1.0×109/L、<2.0×109/L、<3.0×109/L、<4.0×109/L及ANC分别<0.5×109/L、<1.0×109/L、<1.5×109/L和<2.0×109/L各持续天数的比较,用配伍比较秩和检验;化疗第21天WBC<4.0×109/L和ANC<2.0×109/L病例数比较,用配对χ2检验;逐日动态数据的趋势图用每个观察点均数在Excel软件下制作。以上统计学处理均在SAS for win 6.12中处理。
2结果
2.1一般资料本研究共纳入67例,其中因经济原因出组3例,因患者依从性出组3例,因发热出组1例,故进入疗效评价60例,不良反应分析61例。该60例中男性37例,女性23例;年龄27~70岁,平均51.3岁;鳞癌24例,腺癌16例,大细胞癌6例,小细胞癌14例。有既往治疗史者21例,其中单纯化疗11例,单纯放疗5例,化疗加放疗5例。
