The Effect of Hydroxycamptothecin and Topotecan
to SKOV3 and CAOV3 in vitro
SUN Zhengyi, SHEN Keng, XU Xiuying, et al.
Peiking Union Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peiking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo examine the effect of hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) and topotecan, two kinds of derivative of camptothecin, to two ovarian cancer cell lines, SKOV3 and CAOV3.MethodsMethyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) was used to establish the dose-effect curves. The ability of these two drugs to induce apoptosis of the two cell lines was determined by the method of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and DNA Ladder. The morphological changes of the cells were observed by electronic microscope. Expression of c-myc, bcl-2, and fas was estimated by the immunohistochemical staining.ResultsThe inhibition of HCPT and topotecan to the growth of SKOV3 and CAOV3 was dose-dependent. 50% inhibiting concentration (IC50) of HCPT and topotecan to SKOV3 was 72 ng/ml and 160 ng/ml, respectively; IC10 of HCPT and topotecan to CAOV3 was 141 ng/ml and 12 ng/ml, respectively. The inhibition of HCPT and topotecan to clone forming rate of two cell lines was significant. The growing curves of SKOV3 and CAOV3 treated by HCPT and topotecan were significantly lower than controls. HCPT and topotecan of 5 ng/ml can elongate the double time of SKOV3 for 49.00 and 1.75 times, respectively. They can elongate the double time of CAOV3 for 2.77 and 1.94 times, respectively. After treated by HCPT or topotecan, SKOV3 generated DNA Ladder. Positive rates of TUNEL of SKOV3 and CAOV3 were elevated by HCPT and topotecan notably. HCPT and topotecan did not affect the expression of c-myc, bcl-2, fas of SKOV3 and CAOV3. Observed by electronic microscope, heterochromatin of SKOV3 and CAOV3 coagulated after treated by HCPT. Micro villi of SKOV3 and CAOV3 were damaged, and some vacuoles appeared in the cytoplasm.ConclusionsHCPT and topotecan can inhibit growth of SKOV3 and CAOV3 significantly. HCPT and topotecan can induce apoptosis of SKOV3 and CAOV3.
【Key words】LamptothecinTopotecanOvarian neoplasms
10-羟基喜树碱(羟基喜树碱)主要在我国应用于肝癌、胃肠道肿瘤、膀胱癌的治疗;而9-二甲基氨基-10-羟基喜树碱(topotecan)主要在国外应用于肺癌、卵巢癌,尤其是对顺铂治疗失败或复发的卵巢癌患者,有较好的治疗作用[1,2]。本研究以卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3和CAOV3为对象,研究羟基喜树碱和topotecan对这两种卵巢癌细胞株体外生长的影响及诱导这两种细胞凋亡的情况,并将这两种药物与顺铂进行了对比研究。现报道如下。
材料和方法
一、材料
1.卵巢癌细胞株:(1)SKOV3,来源于卵巢癌患者腹水,美国G.Trempe于1973年建立;(2)CAOV3,来源于卵巢癌患者肿瘤组织,为美国J.Frog于1976年建立。两种细胞株均由美国国立癌症研究所赠送我院妇科肿瘤实验室,本实验中发现细胞株CAOV3为顺铂耐药株。
2.试剂:四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)为美国Sigma公司生产;原位细胞凋亡检测试剂盒购自德国Boehringer-Mannheim公司;抗c-myc蛋白抗体、抗bcl-2蛋白抗体、抗fas蛋白抗体,均为美国Santa Cruz公司生产,购自北京中山公司。
二、方法
(一)测定羟基喜树碱和topotecan对SKOV3和CAOV3生长影响的实验
1. MTT显微培养实验:以无菌操作技术分别配制浓度为0.244~64 000 ng/ml的羟基喜树碱、topotecan和顺铂的培养基,药物浓度以2倍递增。用以上浓度的含药培养基孵育细胞,分别在24小时和48小时时进行MTT快速比色,在酶标仪上以490nm的波长测定吸光度(A)值。抑制率=[(对照组A值-实验组A值)/对照组A值]×100%。以浓度-抑制率曲线求出回归方程,得出50%抑制浓度(IC50)或10%抑制浓度(IC10)及最大抑制率、最大抑制浓度。
2. 集落形成实验:向8个25 cm2培养瓶中分别加入约200个SKOV3或CAOV3的细胞悬液,显微镜下精确计数细胞数后,再分别加入浓度为5 ng/ml的羟基喜树碱、topotecan、顺铂及不含药物的培养基各5 ml,培养7~10天后,计数集落的个数。集落形成率=(集落数/种入的细胞数)×100%。
3. 细胞生长的测定:将SKOV3和CAOV3接种入96孔板中,每孔2×103个细胞,3个实验组的细胞分别用浓度为5 ng/ml的羟基喜树碱、topotecan和顺铂的培养基培养,对照组培养基不加药物。每组每天取4孔进行MTT快速比色,共8天,绘制细胞生长曲线,用曲线回归法计算倍增时间。
(二)透射电镜观察羟基喜树碱对细胞超微结构的影响
向对数生长期的SKOV3和CAOV3加入羟基喜树碱,浓度为30 ng/ml,24小时后,将细胞刮下,离心,用2.5%戊二醛1 ml固定细胞团。透射电镜观察细胞超微结构。
(三)细胞凋亡的检测
1. 特异性DNA梯形条带的检测:分别配制浓度为5~64000 ng/ml的羟基喜树碱、topotecan和顺铂的培养基,药物浓度以2倍递增,向对数生长期的细胞分别加入含药物的培养基,培养24、48小时,提取DNA 200 ng进行琼脂糖电泳,在300 nm波长的紫外灯下观察,以出现间隔180bp的DNA梯形条带为阳性。
2. 末端脱氧核酰转移酶介导的脱氧尿苷三磷酸标记法(TUNEL)检测原位细胞凋亡:分别用浓度为30 ng/ml的羟基喜树碱和topotecan的培养基孵育对数生长期的SKOV3和CAOV3 24小时,再用TUNEL试剂盒中的混合试剂孵育细胞后显色,深蓝色细胞为凋亡细胞,计数原位细胞凋亡比例。
(四)羟基喜树碱、topotecan对肿瘤细胞c-myc、bcl-2和fas基因表达影响的实验
分别用浓度为30 ng/ml的羟基喜树碱和topotecan的培养基孵育对数生长期的SKOV3和CAOV3 24小时,应用免疫组化染色法检测c-myc、bcl-2和fas基因表达阳性率的变化,深褐色细胞为阳性细胞。
三、统计方法
检验浓度-抑制率曲线及细胞生长曲线,采用Logistic曲线回归法,F检验;检验药物对细胞集落形成率的作用,采用u检验;检验药物对细胞凋亡作用及其相关基因表达的影响,采用t检验。
结果
一、羟基喜树碱和topotecan对SKOV3和CAOV3生长的影响
用MTT比色法检测羟基喜树碱、topotecan和顺铂对SKOV3、CAOV3的作用,从浓度-抑制率曲线发现,浓度为0.244~32 000ng/ml的羟基喜树碱、topotecan和顺铂对SKOV3和CAOV3分别作用24、48小时,其抑制率均呈明显的剂量依赖性,药
