【中图分类号】R322.81【文献标识码】A
【文章编号】0529-1356(2000)02-108
STUDIES ON THE CAUDAL SPINAL TRIGEMINAL NUCLEUS-
PARABRACHIAL NUCLEI-THALAMUS INDIRECT
CONNECTION PATHWAY IN THE RAT
TAO Fa-sheng,GAO Rong,LI Yun-qing
(Department of Anatomy and K.K.Leung Brain Research Centre,the Fourth Military
Medical University,Xi'an 710032,China)
【Abstract】Objective To investigate:(1)distribution of neurons projecting from the parabrachial nuclei(PBN) to the thalamic ventral posteromedial nucleus(VPM) and the fibers and terminals originating from trigeminoparabrachial projection neurons;(2)synaptic connection between trigeminoparabrachial terminals and parabrachiothalamic projecting neurons. Methods Horseradish peroxidase(HRP) retrograde tracing combined with biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) anterograde tracing technique was used.The labeling results were observed under light of electron microscope,respectively. Results After injection HRP into the unilateral VPM,HRP retrogradely labeled nueronal cell bodies were mainly found in the ipsilateral lateral parabrachial nucleus(PBL),Klliker-Fuse(KF) nucleus and medial parabrachial nucleus(PBM).After injection BDA into the unilateral Vc,BDA anterogradely labeled fibers and terminals were mainly encountered in the ipsilateral PBL,KF nucleus,PBM,and contralateral VPM,thalamic posterior nucleus and thalamic submedius nucleus.In the PBN,BDA anterogradely fibers and terminals were denser than that in the above mentioned thalamic nuclei.The main distribution area of HRP retrogradely labeled neurons overlapped with the BDA anterogradely labeled fibers and terminals within the PBN.Axo-dendritic and axo-somatic synapses between BDA anterogradely labeled terminals and dendrites or cell bodies of the HRP retrogradely labeled neurons within the PBN were observed under the electron microscope. Conclusion Vc-PBN-VPM pathway exists in the rat central nervous system and this indirect pathway might play important roles in the transmission and regulation of oro-facial somatic sensory information,including noxious information.
【Key words】 Parabrachial nuclei;Thalamic ventral posteromedial nucleus;Caudal subnucleus of the spinal trigeminal nucleus;Synaptic connection;Noxious stimulation;Rat
以往的许多研究都提示臂旁核(PBN)主要与内脏功能活动的调控和内脏感觉信息的传递有关,如呼吸调节[1]、心血管活动[2]、味觉[3]及其他内脏功能活动[4~6]。近年的研究证实PBN也接受躯体伤害性刺激信息传递的初级门户——三叉神经脊束核尾侧亚核(Vc)和脊髓背角浅层的上行投射,在躯体伤害性刺激信息向高级中枢传递过程中发挥重要作用[7~11]。丘脑内接受面口部躯体感觉信息(包括伤害性信息)的特异性核团主要是丘脑腹后内侧核(VPM)。我们最近的研究观察到PBN向VPM发出上行投射[12],该结果提示PBN向VPM的上行投射在面口部躯体感觉信息(包括伤害性信息)的传递和调控过程中可能发挥重要的作用。但PBN向VPM投射神经元与Vc的上行投射纤维之间是否形成突触联系,仍是神经解剖学领域内尚未解决的问题。搞清这个问题,对于深入阐明面口部伤害性刺激信息的传递和调控具有较重要的意义。本研究用HRP逆行追踪与生物素葡聚糖胺(BDA)顺行追踪相结合的双标记技术,分别在光镜和电镜水平,对PBN向VPM的投射神经元和Vc向PBN投射纤维和终末的分布以及两者之间的突触联系进行了观察。
材料和方法
SD大鼠16只,体重200~250g,雄雌不拘,分为3组。动物经戊巴比妥钠腹腔麻醉(40mg/kg)后开颅:1.将0.1μl的30%HRP定向注入第1组动物(n=5)的右侧VPM;2.将0.2μl的10%BDA定向注入第2组动物(n=5)的右侧Vc;3.同时将相同浓度和剂量的HRP或BD分别定向注入第3组动物(n=6)的右侧VPM或右侧Vc。注射用尖端粘外径为50~80μm微玻管的1μl Hamilton微量注射器,注射时间为15~20min,注毕留针15min。动物存活3~4d后用过量戊巴比妥钠深麻,开胸,经心脏插管至升主动脉,先用0.9%盐水100ml冲净血液,再用含1%多聚甲醛和1.25%戍二醛的0.1mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液(PB,pH7.3)500ml(第1,3组)或仅含4%多聚甲醛的0.1mol/L PB 500ml(第2组)灌注固定,持续40~60min。灌注完毕立即取脑,用上述新鲜固定液后固定3~6h,再移入含30%庶糖的PB中(4℃)至沉底。在脑桥腹侧的右侧做标记,将丘脑、延髓尾段和脑桥吻段用冰冻切片机行冠状冰冻切片(第1,2组,切片用于光镜观察)或振动切片机行冠状振动切片(第3组,切片分别用于光镜或电镜观察),片厚30μm(光镜观察)或50μm(电镜观察),切片隔3张取1张分为4套,收集于0.01mol/L PBS中(pH7.4),每套均含HRP的VPM注射区、臂旁核区和/或BDA的Vc注射区。各组切片的用途如下:(1)第1组的第1套切片作单纯HRP反应,用于HRP的注射区和HRP逆标神经元的光镜观察;(2)第2组的第1套切片作单纯DBA免疫组织化学反应,用于BDA的注射区和BDA顺标纤维和终末的光镜观察;(3)第3组的第1套切片作HRP、BDA双重标记反应,用于在光镜下同时观察HRP逆标神经元和BDA顺标纤维和终末的分布;(4)第3组的第2套切片作HRP、BDA双重标记反应,用于在电镜下观察HRP逆标神经元与BDA顺标纤维和终末的突触联系;(5)第1,2组的第2套切片和第3组的第3套切片用于Nissl染色,以便对照观察和定位HRP和BDA标记的结果;(6)其他切片弃之不用。
各套切片的具体处理如下:(1)第1组的第1套切片先用洗保液(0.1mol/L PB,pH7.0)清洗,再用硝普钠作稳定剂的TMB法呈色(顾耀明等,1990年)。(2)第2组的第1套切片经PBS清洗后,先置入含0.3%Triton X-100和5%正常羊血清的PBS中孵育2h,次入ABC混合液中孵育3h,再行DAB呈色反应。(3)第3组的第1套切片经洗保液清洗,先行硝普钠作稳定剂的TMB反应,反应终止后分别用洗保液及PBS清洗,再用DAB和硫酸镍胺加强HRP的反应产物;PBS清洗后,入ABC混合液中孵育3h,最后行DAB呈色反应。将上述切片裱于经明胶包被的载片,脱水、透明、封片,光镜观察。(4)第3组的第2套切片的前期处理基本上同第3组的第1套切片(顾耀明等,1991年),然后入0.1mol/L PB(pH7.4)配制的1%锇酸液中后固定45min(室温),PBS清洗2~3次,饱和醋酸铀水溶液染色3~5h,升梯度酒精脱水,Epon812平板包埋。取臂旁内、外侧核和KF核内HRP逆标神经元与BDA<
