Recently, scientists interested in the diseases of human brain have paid much attention to the neuropeptides ［Nie XJ, et al. Rev Neurosci 1996, 7(3): 177］. Under normal conditions, these neuropeptides are found in some types of neurons and in endothelial cells of microvessels but not in glial cells. In this study, we applied radioimmunoassay technique, detected the amount of neuropeptides in the supernatant of primary cultured type Ⅰ astrocytes from newborn rat brain cortex. The results showed that: the amount of substance P(SP) is 7.31 μg/L, angiotensin Ⅱ(ang Ⅱ) 176.74 μg/L, endothelin-1(ET-1) 38.0 μg/L，calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP) 117.9 μg/L in the supernatant of primary cultured type Ⅰ astrocytes of normal group, but there are no obvious changes in the amount of these neuropeptides in the supernatant of adding cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) of normal or after enucleation 1 week. When adding into the homogenous supernatant of lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of normal or after enucleation 1 week, the amount of SP and ang Ⅱ increased, while that of ET-1 decreased and that of CGRP kept the same as control in the supernatant of primary cultured type Ⅰ astrocytes, and the changes is more obvious in the group of enucleating 1 week. In conclusion, not only do the primary cultured type Ⅰ astrocytes synthesize and release these neuropeptides, but also the amount of releasing of these neuropeptides is regulated by the active materials from LGN. These results suggest that the neuropeptides might have an important role in the physiological and pathophysiological processes of glia network.