Antigen expression and DNA immunization of 129Leu and 145Arg variants of hepatitis B virus S gene
HE Jianwen, WU Li, YAO Xin, et al. Department of Molecular Virology, Shanghai Medical University, Shanghai 200032【 Abstract 】ObjectiveTo study the HBsAg expression and DNA immunogenicity of 129Leu and 145Arg variants of hepatitis B virus (HBV) S gene discovered in China.Methods The complete S genes of HBV from serum samples with the “a” determinant mutation (nt540A→T, aa129Gln→Leu and nt587G→A, aa145Gly→Arg respectively) were used to substitute the wild type S gene of p3.8Ⅱ, which has 1.2 copies of sequenced HBV genome with expression and replication efficiency. The constructs were separately used to transfect HepG2 cells. HBsAg in supernatant was assayed with Abbott EIA kits and the binding efficiency of HBsAg was analyzed by using 24 monoclonal antibodies (McAb) directed to the S antigens. Plasmid DNAs of constructs were separately used to immunize mice.Results Absorbance (A) of HBsAg in the supernatant transfected with variant 129Leu was higher than that of p3.8Ⅱ, while the A value of variant 145Arg was lower than that of p3.8Ⅱ. The binding efficiency (S/C value) with 24 McAb of HBsAg expressed by 129Leu was generally higher than that of p3.8Ⅱ, while the result of 145Arg was lower than that of p3.8Ⅱ. HBeAg expression level among these constructs was similar. Compared with the result of p3.8Ⅱ, anti-HBs of DNA immunization induced by variant 129Leu was lower than that of the wild type HBV plasmid DNA.Conclusions HBsAg expressed by variant 129Leu showed higher binding efficiency to the majority of monoclonal antibodies than that of the wild type virus, however, mouse anti-HBs induced by variant 129Leu was lower than that of p3.8Ⅱ. The low immunogenicity of variant 129Leu may favor persistent infection in hosts.
【 Subject words 】Hepatitis B virusHepatitis B surface antigenGene mutationDNA immunization
乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)的基因变异与乙型肝炎的防治有关〔1〕。HBV S基因编码乙肝病毒表面抗原(hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg),其中“a”决定簇是HBsAg的主要抗原决定簇。编码“a”决定簇序列的突变可影响疫苗的预防效果〔2〕,其突变对HBsAg抗原性的影响也随突变的位点而异。目前,对变异的S基因表达抗原的研究常用研究S基因片段在真核细胞(酵母或COS)中的表达产物的方法〔3,4〕。由于HBV基因内部有调控元件,S基因编码区又与P基因互相重叠,故研究单一S基因片段的表达有一定的局限性。为此,本研究用自乙肝疫苗免疫失保护婴儿血清克隆的2株HBV变异S基因(分别为核苷酸540A→T,推导氨基酸129Gln→Leu和核苷酸587G→A,推导氨基酸145Gly→Arg)片段,置换已知核苷酸序列并可表达、复制的HBV全基因重组质粒S基因片段,研究了S基因变异株HBsAg表达的特性。为研究S基因变异株的免疫原性,还分别比较了变异株质粒DNA诱生抗-HBs的效应。
材料与方法
1. 血清来源和PCR扩增:自乙肝疫苗免疫无保护婴儿血清中提取DNA,用引物Seql(5-CCTGCTGGTGGCTCCAGTTC-3nt58-77,正链)和Seq12(5-CATGCATACAAAGGCATCAAGGC-3nt1072-1050,负链)以PCR扩增HBV全S基因,PCR产物用Prep-A-Gene(Bio-Rad)纯化。出现129Leu 和145Arg变异的标本经PCR扩增及测序,未见野毒株序列。血清DNA提取和PCR扩增方法同以前报道〔5〕。
2. PCR产物的T-A克隆:用pGEM T-A克隆试剂(Promega)将上述PCR产物克隆于pGEM质粒中,核苷酸测序鉴定插入有突变基因的克隆。选择经测序证实的分别插入129Leu和145Arg的重组质粒pGEM+129L和pGEM+145R。
3. 重组质粒p3.8Ⅱ129L和p3.8Ⅱ145R的构建:小量制备上述pGEM+129L和pGEM+145R质粒DNA,分别用XhoⅠ和SpeⅠ(Gibco)双酶切重组质粒p3.8Ⅱ(由中科院生化所汪垣教授惠赠,为1.2倍HBV全基因组插入pBS+的重组质粒。含起始于基本启动子Cp,终止于polyA信号的完整转录单位,其中HBV DNA为adr亚型野毒株)、pGEM+129L和pGEM+145R质粒DNA,以低熔点凝胶电泳回收pGEM+129L和pGEM+145R的HBV S基因XhoⅠ/SpeⅠ酶切片段(nt129~679,0.55kb),p3.8Ⅱ含载体的HBV DNA XhoⅠ/SpeⅠ酶切片段(6.45kb),将pGEM+129L和pGEM+145R的0.55kb和p3.8Ⅱ的6.45kb片段进行连接,分别构建成质粒p3.8Ⅱ129L和p3.8Ⅱ145R(图 1),经测序证实p3.8Ⅱ129L和p3.8Ⅱ145R分别有540nt A→T和587nt G→A的突变。
图1p3.8Ⅱ129L和p3.8Ⅱ145R重组质粒构建图谱
Fig 1. Construction of p3.8Ⅱ 129L and p3.8Ⅱ145R plasmids
4. 质粒DNA转染细胞:用Qiagen Midi Plasmid试剂分别制备p3.8Ⅱ、p3.8Ⅱ129L和p3.8Ⅱ145R质粒DNA,磷酸钙共沉淀方法转染HepG2细胞〔6〕,p3.8Ⅱ、p3.8Ⅱ129L和p3.8Ⅱ145R质粒DNA各20μg/皿,每次转染2~3个平皿,作为转染效率内参照的SEAP质粒(分泌性碱性磷酸酶报告基因的重组质粒,为Collen博士惠赠)DNA10μg/皿。转染后每3天收集培养细胞上清,共5次,-70℃保存备用。转染试验分别进行过3次。
5. 转染细胞培养上清HBsAg和HBeAg的检测:Abbott试剂检测(EIA法)。
6. 转染细胞培养上清与24种“a”决定簇单抗的结合力的测定: 由中国药品生物制品检定所检测。
7. p3.8Ⅱ、p3.8Ⅱ129L和p3.8Ⅱ145R重组质粒S基因置换片段推导的S蛋白亲水性、柔韧度(flexibility)和等电点的分析:用PC/Gene软件中的Antigen程序以Hopp和Woods法分析蛋白的亲水性;Flexpro程序以Karplus和Schulz法分析柔韧度;Chargpro程序分析蛋白的等电点。
8. 以p3.8Ⅱ、p3.8Ⅱ129L和p3.8Ⅱ145R质粒DNA,作BALB/c小鼠胫前肌DNA免疫:每组小鼠为5只,每只小鼠注射Qiagen Maxi Plasmid试剂纯化的质粒DNA 100μg (左右侧各50μg),4周后重复1次,加强免疫4周后用上海科华公司EIA试剂以酶标二抗法检测鼠血清抗-HBs效价。
结果
1. p3.8Ⅱ129L和p3.8Ⅱ145R质粒构建及置换片段序列测定:自乙肝疫苗免疫无保护婴儿的血清中扩增出分别含nt540 A→T(129Gln→Leu)和nt587G→A(145Gly→Arg)突变的全S基因,用T-A克隆法将扩增的全S基因片段插入pGEM载体中,再将突变的S基因片段(nt127~679)置换p3.8Ⅱ质粒中的野毒株HBV S基因相应片段,构建了质粒p3.8Ⅱ129L和p3.8Ⅱ145R(图1)。对3种质粒的S置换片段的核苷酸序列同源分析显示,p3.8Ⅱ129L质粒中的S基因置换片段序列与p3.8Ⅱ除nt540 A→T(129Gln→Leu)外,还有9个核苷酸(nt)不同,而p3.8Ⅱ145R除nt587G→A(145Gly→Arg)外,还有5个nt与p3.8Ⅱ中的置换片段核苷酸序列不同。3种S基因置换片段的推导氨基酸序列同源分析表明:p3.8Ⅱ129L与p3.8Ⅱ比较,除129Gln→Leu外,还有4个氨基酸不同,分别是S蛋白的第3、112、126和160位氨基酸;而p3.8Ⅱ145R除145Gly→Arg外,还有3个氨基酸与p3.8Ⅱ的置换片段序列推导的氨基酸不同,分别为S蛋白的第66、118和150位氨基酸(图2)。
图2由核苷酸序列推导的p3.8Ⅱ、p3.8Ⅱ 129L和p3.8Ⅱ 145R 中HBV S 蛋白的氨基酸序列比较
Fig 2. Alignme
