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乙脑病毒持续感染模型中变异株性状及NS3区序列分析

2022-07-29
来源:求医网
【 摘要 】目的研究乙脑病毒变异性状与NS3区基因序列的关系。 方法应用乙脑病毒野生株及一种人肝癌细胞KN73建立持续感染模型,采用标准胰蛋白酶消化技术进行细胞传代,经反复冻融法收集细胞内变异病毒。采用BHK细胞空斑实验方法进行病毒滴定,利用NS3区特异引物进行逆转录-多聚酶链反应以获NS3区基因片段,应用ABI-PRSMTM310测序系统进行序列分析。 结果在早期(感染后24~36h)细胞培养液中病毒量为106PFU/ml,在后期(感染后3年)细胞培养液中病毒量为103~4PFU/ml,细胞内病毒含量一直维持在102~3PFU/ml水平。NS3区测序结果可见:位于核苷酸碱基序列上第66位C→U,第72位A→C,第294位U→C,第306位A→G及第342位A→G,但相应编码的氨基酸未发生变异。 结论变异株存在性状变异,即增殖性低于野生株;NS3区编码蛋白对野生株及变异株均至关重要,亦提示病毒性状变异的原因可能由其它区域蛋白变异或病毒与宿主间蛋白相互作用所致。

Characterization and NS3 sequence analysis of mutant strains during persistent infection of KN73 cells with Japanese encephalitis virus

FENG Guohe, ZHANG Lin, WAMG Yumei, et al.

(Department of Infectious Disease, The Second Clinical College of China Medical University, Shenyang 110003, P. R. China)

【 Abstract 】ObjectiveTo study on the relationship between the characterization and NS3 sequence analysis of mutant strains during persistent infection of KN73 cells with Japanese encephalitis viruses. MethodsPersistent infection model was established by the standard strains of Japanese encephalitis viruses and human hepatoma cells line. Cells were subcultured weekly by standard trypsinization techniques. Cell-associated viruses of persistently infected cells were collected by the method of freezing and melting alternate. Viral titers were examined by plaque methods using BHK cells NS3 region of mutant virus strain from infected cells was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using specific primers. PCR products were purified using agarose gel, and then directly sequenced by ABI-PRSNTM310 sequencing system. ResultsIn the early phase (24-36hr) post-infection, virus titers of culture fluids in KN73 cells infected with JaGAr-01 were 106 PFU/ml. They were 103-4PFU/ml in the late phase (3 years) post-infection. The cell-associated viruses in KN73 cells infected with JaGAr-01 were 102-3PFU/ml. Sequence analysis of NS3 region from mutant viruses was found that the amino acids did not change though some based encoding them changed. ConclusionsThe reproduction of the mutant viruses were lower than that of the standard virus JaGAr-01. The protein encoded by NS3 region was very important for both the standard and the mutant viruses JaGAr-01. It was pointed out that the reason of virus mutation was resulted from protein encoded by other nucleotides sequences, or from the cooperation between virus and host protein.

【 Subject words 】Japanese encephalitis virus infection; NS3 sequence analysis

诸多病毒性疾病慢性化的原因是由于病毒持续感染宿主细胞。持续感染成立的条件,是病毒在其复制及转录过程中,需改变自身特点而成为变异株,从而逃避宿主细胞免疫杀伤〔1〕。然而,病毒变异株在持续感染中确切复制机制及与宿主细胞间相互作用,以及如何抑制这种变异株复制,目前尚不清楚〔1〕。黄病毒感染日益受到人们重视。流行性乙型脑炎病毒作为黄病毒科中成员,成为人们研究黄病毒持续性感染宿主细胞的代表病毒株之一〔1,2〕。该研究利用人肝癌细胞株KN73建立乙脑病毒体外持续性感染模型,通过病毒滴定方法及核酸测序分析,研究变异株性状与NS3区序列的关系。

材料与方法

细胞与病毒:人肝癌细胞株KN73,以RPMI 1640加10%胎牛血清进行培养,温度37℃,5%CO2,每5~7d采用0.25%胰蛋白酶消化技术进行传代。流行性乙型脑炎病毒JaGAr-01株,日本金泽医科大学惠赠。JaGAr-01变异株,为JaGAr-01株在KN73细胞中经持续感染3年所得。

病毒滴定方法:采用地鼠肾传代细胞(BHK)空斑试验方法,病毒感染BHK细胞后,以1%胎牛血清加0.6%甲基纤维素的RPMI 1640培养基复盖培养3~4d,1%结晶紫溶液染色,计数空斑数(Plaque-Forming Unit,PFU/ml)。

乙脑病毒持续感染模型建立:乙脑病毒野生株感染正常KN73细胞,37℃吸附90min,加培养液在37℃条件下培养至90%细胞出现细胞病变,继续培养残存细胞,待形成单层细胞后进行细胞传代,每传代1次需保存细胞及上清,用于病毒滴定。

NS3区测序分析:收集持续感染细胞,参照Sambrook法〔3〕,进行细胞内RNA提取。采用NS3区特异引物进行RT-PCR,5′-CGG GCA CGT TGT AGG CAT C-3′(sense)与5′-AAC GGA CGG CTT TAG GAC GA-3′(antisense),RT反应条件:总体积10μl,内含引物(antisense)10μmol/L,dNTP 2mmol/L,逆转录酶0.5U,反应温度及时间为42℃,1h。PCR反应条件:总体积50μl,内含各引物分别为10μmol/L,dNTP 2mmol/L,Taq酶1.5U。反应时间及温度为94℃、2min,64℃、2min,72℃、2min,共39个循环,取样2μl进行1.5%琼脂糖凝胶电泳证实,PCR产物长度约680bp,符合理论长度。参照Sambrook法〔3〕,从低熔点凝胶中回收PCR产物;选用特异NS3区引物,运用ABI-PRSMTM310测序系统进行测序分析,方法见试剂盒说明书。此外,流行性乙型脑炎野生株测序方法同上,作为对照。

结果

1.持续性感染细胞的病毒滴定结果:通过流行性乙型脑炎病毒JaGAr-01感染KN73细胞,该病毒持续性感染模型已经建立,并成功地连续传代3年以上。比较感染早期(感染24~36h)与感染后期(感染3年)细胞培养液及细胞内病毒量变化结果:在早期细胞外培养液中病毒量为106PFU/ml;在后期,在传代后第1日培养液中病毒量为103-4PFU/ml,2、3日后迅速降至10PFU/ml以下。另一方面,持续感染细胞内病毒由传代第2~5日一直维持在102-3PFU/ml水平(如图1)。

2.NS3区测序分析结果:在病毒感染后第40日,可见若干碱基发生变异,并且可稳定持续传代3年,结果如下:位于核苷酸上碱基序列第66位C→U,第72位A→C,第294位U→C,第306位A→G,第342位A→G,另外,尽管上述碱基发生变异,但相应编码的氨基酸如甘氨酸(Val)、精氨酸(Arg)、赖氨酸(Lle)、蛋氨酸(Pro)、谷氨酸(Gly)未发生变异(如图2)。

图1持续感染模型建立过程中培养液及细胞内病毒滴定比较结果

Fig 1. Comparison of viral titers of culture fluids in KN73 cells infected with KN73 cells infected during establishment of the model of persistent infection

1. Viral titers of culture fluids in KN73 cells infected with JaGAr-01 in the early phase (24~36h) post-infection

2. Viral titers of culture fluids in KN73 cells infected with JaGAr-01 in the late phase (3years) post-infection

3. Cell-associated viral titers during persistent infection of KN73 cells with JaGAr-01

图2乙脑病毒变异株与野生株NS3区部分序列分析的比较结果

Fig 2. Comparison of sequence analysis of NS3 region of mutant JaGAr-01with parent JaGAr-01

Up-line P: parent virus,Down-line M: mutant virus (persistently infected virus), some bases from NS3 region of mutant JaGAr-01 was found change, but amino acids encoded no change

讨论

关于黄病毒科病毒持续感染的研究,现已有较多报道,具体包括:黄热病(Yellow fever)〔4〕 、圣路易脑炎(St.Louis encephalitis)〔5〕 、森林脑炎(Tick-borne encephalitis)〔6〕 、西尼罗河脑炎(West Nile)〔7〕 、澳洲墨累溪谷脑炎(Murray Valley encephalitis,MVE)〔2〕以及流行性乙型脑炎(Japanese encephalitis,JE)病毒等〔8〕。但目前尚难找到一个较稳定持久感染细胞模型体系用于丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)的研究,故针对<