Effects of immunotoxin on the depletion of T cells and on hematopoietic progenitor cells in human cord blood
Xu Manchun, L Shangen, Shen Beifen, et al.
*Department of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo study the selective toxicity of immunotoxin (IT) on T cells and to determine its effect on hematopoietic progenitor cells.MethodsThe percentage of CD+5 and CD+8 T cell subsets in cord blood (CB) and bone marrow (BM) as well as peripheral blood (PB) was measured by using alkaline phosphatase and monoclonal anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) technique. One-way mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) was performed to compare the proliferative response of CB with that of PB. The proliferative capability of cord blood T cells and T lymphocytes transformation capacity were evaluated in the presence of anti-CD8 or anti-CD5 immunotoxin by one-way MLC and colorimetric MTT (tetrazolium) assay, respectively. The effects of IT on the growth of hematopoietic progenitor cells of colony forming unit-granulocyte and macrophage (CFU-GM), burst forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E) and multipotential hematopoietic progenitors (CFU-Mix) from CB were estimated by colony-forming assays.Results(1) A certain proportion of CD+5 and CD+8 T cells existed in CB. (2) The alloproliferative capacity of CB was the same as that of PB. (3) CD5:Ricin at the dosage of 10-10~10-8 mmol/L (M) and CD8:Ricin at the range of 10-9~10-8 M could effectively decrease both the proliferative capability of CB and T cell transformation. (4) At the range of 10-10~10-9 M, both kinds of IT didn′t affect the growth of hematopoietic progenitor cells.ConclusionGraft versus host disease (GVHD) might occur after cord blood transplantation (CBT). CD5:Ricin and CD8:Ricin might effictively deplete T cell and might potentially be used to decrease and prevent GVHD in HLA-mismatched related and unrelated CBT.
【Key words】Fetal bloodImmunotoxinsT-lymphocytesHemotopoietic stem cells
脐血是造血干细胞移植的又一重要供源。脐血移植(CBT)亦可发生不同程度的移植物抗宿主病(GVHD),尤其是人类白细胞抗原(HLA)配型不合的CBT[1]。已知GVHD与T细胞的数量和特性有极密切的关系。在异基因骨髓移植(BMT)中采用抗T细胞免疫毒素能安全有效地去除骨髓中T细胞,并已取得了预防和减轻重度GVHD的效果[2]。但有关用免疫毒素去除脐血T细胞的研究在国内外尚未见报道。对此,我们进行了一些研究,现报告如下。
材料和方法
一、标本
1.脐血:采自正常分娩的健康产妇,胎盘未脱离母体前在脐带断端留取标本(5份),后加肝素25 U/ml抗凝。
2.外周血:采自健康献血员新鲜静脉血(4份)。
3.骨髓:采自胸外科手术切除的非病理性肋骨(3份)。
二、主要试剂及材料
抗CD5、抗CD8单抗与蓖麻毒素(Ricin)组成的抗T细胞免疫毒素(CD5:Ricin, CD8:Ricin),重组人粒巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(rhGM-CSF)均为军事医学科学院三所分子免疫室研制;促红细胞生成素(EPO)为日本Toyobo公司产品;噻唑蓝(MTT)为Servar公司产品;3H-胸腺嘧啶核苷(3H-TdR)为中国原子能研究所生产;植物血凝素(PHA-P)、2-巯基乙醇(2-ME):购自Sigma公司;碱性磷酸酶抗碱性磷酸酶桥联酶标技术(APAAP)试剂盒由北京帮定生物医学公司提供。
三、实验方法
1.APAAP法测脐血、外周血、骨髓中CD+5、CD+8 T细胞亚群。
2.单向混合淋巴细胞(MLC)方法:按参考文献[3]的方法;免疫毒素去除T细胞的方法:按参考文献[4]的方法。MLC实验结果分别以每分钟脉冲数(cpm)、刺激指数(SI)值、相对反应(RR)值及增加cpm(Δcpm)表示。
Δcpm=实验组平均cpm-对照组培养cpm
以未用免疫毒素(IT)为对照组的增殖反应率为100%,经IT作用后:
残留T细胞增殖反应率=
3.MTT法测定脐血T淋巴细胞转化功能:参考文献[5]。T淋巴细胞转化功能以SI值表示:
以未用IT为对照组的T淋巴细胞转化功能为100%,则:
IT对脐血T淋巴细胞转化功能的抑制率=
4.造血细胞培养:经不同浓度免疫毒素处理后的脐血单个核细胞分别做粒单系祖细胞(CFU-GM)培养、早期红系祖细胞(BFU-E)培养:按参考文献[4]的方法及混合系祖细胞(CFU-Mix)培养:按参考文献[6]的方法。以未用IT为对照组的造血祖细胞增殖率为100%,经IT处理后:
造血祖细胞增殖率=
5.统计学处理:实验数据以平均数±标准差(±s)、中位数(M)表示;两组比较采用t检验;方差不齐用秩和检验;多组比较采用F检验。
结果
一、脐血CD+5、CD+8细胞含量与外周血、骨髓比较
我们观察脐血(5份)、外周血(4份)和骨髓(3份)的CD+5、CD+8细胞的百分率,结果脐血分别为47.0±7.6和19.9±5.1;外周血分别为59.4±7.2和23.9±3.3;骨髓分别为12.9±2.1和5.9±3.1。三组比较经F检验,P<0.01。提示脐血中含有一定比例的CD+5、CD+8细胞,其含量低于外周血,高于骨髓。
二、脐血与外周血在单向MLC中增殖反应的比较
在MLC中,以RR值或Δcpm表示,经秩和检验脐血增殖反应与外周血无统计学差异。而脐血SI值低于外周血,差异有显著意义。原因是SI值易受自身对照增殖反应的影响,在MLC中,脐血自身cpm(5 815±3 053,中位数5 786)明显高于外周血cpm(2 035±1 644,中位数1 687),秩和检验u=2.8, P<0.01。因此结果提示脐血与外周血有同样的增殖反应能力(表1)。
