Treatment of Shoulder Injury of the Wushu Player
Luo Huangzhong
Nanning,Guangxi,China530023
Shoulder injury is the most common disease among Wushu players, players in Chinese opera, acrobats, dancers and athletes. The disease is mainly caused by the long-term and repetitive shoulder movements, which give rise to mechanical stimulus to muscle group of shoulder, especially to musculus biceps brachii, musculus supraspinatus and musculus infraspinatus. They cause chronic strain and the converging invasion of wind, cold and dampness which result in multiplex congestion of muscle tendon, showing symtoms of dull ache, plasy, fullness and pain, or even adhesion of muscle group and impairment of functions if sever. Diagnosis can be made by inquiring the patient about their Wushu-practice history, or history of chronic development of illness or injury history; by examining the node and cord shape ligament and by seeing the shadow of sclerosis in X-ray film. Besides, differential diagnosis can be made with periarthritis of shoulder, dislocation of shoulder and tuberculosis of shoulder joint. The treatment may include manipulation, drug treatment, Kongfu exercise and physiotherapy.
Key Words:shoulder injury;differential diagnosis;manipulation
武功演员(包括戏曲武功演员、杂技顶功演员,舞蹈顶尖演员等)最常见的损伤是肩部损伤,而肩部损伤最常见的是肩峰、肩袖、肩肌群的慢性损伤。
1病因机理
武功演员双手倒立、拿顶、前翻、后滚、纵跳、穿毛、投抱、弄剑、阻击、对打、无不以肩部动作为主导,肩部的肌肉群在多次的反复动作,特别是肱二头肌肌腱结节及冈上肌、冈下肌起止点受到机械刺激,加上慢性劳损兼受风寒湿的侵袭,使局部气血瘀滞,肌腱群与肌腱腔增粗、变性,亦使纤维管腔变窄变细,从而使肌腱在管内的滑动受到影响,而产生肩部的、胀、痛、麻的临床症状,甚者发生肩部肌群粘连,重者影响工作与生活。
2诊断
有文体练功史,有肩痛症状;有慢性发病过程,有损伤史;局部可触及结节状或条索状物;活动加重疼痛,休息减轻,夜间明显;X线片偶有肌腱硬化影。
3鉴别诊断
肩关节周围炎:好发年龄在50~60岁,压痛较广泛,自主与被动活动受限,没有练功史。
肩关节脱位:伤肩弹性固定位明显、X线可拍片确诊。
肩关节结核:低热、盗汗、血沉增快、关节腔变窄,X线片见骨质破坏。
4治疗
4.1手法治疗目的:通经活络、松解粘连。
手法操作:术者先用手触摸到痛点,仔细摸到结节间沟部位,最好摸到结节状或条索状物,沿其肌腱顺向左右轻轻弹拨与理顺,从上到下反复进行3~5次,此时患者感到患部痛减,有轻松舒服感;并一边慢慢摇动患肩,使肩部活动范围逐渐增大。
施行手法时力量要适中,不宜太急太猛,以免局部毛细血管损伤,出血机化,加重肌纤维化。每2日手法1次,2周1疗程。
4.2药物治疗
4.2.1中药熏、洗、烫疗法功用:通经活络、舒筋止痛。
药物:
泽兰30g木通30g千斤拔30g
穿破石30g路路通30g宽筋藤50g
牡丹皮20g当归尾20g赤芍20g
白芍20g生甘草10g
用法:将药用纱布包扎好,放入约3000ml水中,温后即用药渣包徐徐温烫患处。
每天1剂,1剂可连续熏洗3~5次。
一般可反复连续熏洗至患处不痛为疗程结束。注意熏洗不要烫伤皮肤。
4.2.2药物注射疗法药宁注射液1支,作痛点注射;维生素B121支作患处周围浸润注射;当归注射液1支,作伤处上下穴位注射。
隔天1次,每次可选用上药各1支。
4.3练功法双手爬摸高法,每日10次,每次10~20min;双手划圈法,每日20次,每次10~20min;双手托天法,每日30次,每次10~20min.以上方法可以供选用。
4.4物理疗法可用损伤药酒外擦或外敷患处,用红外线、周林频谱仪、中低高频治疗仪、脉冲治疗仪等配合治疗,可减少后遗症,避免创伤性关节炎的发生。
1999-07-26收稿
