您的位置:

抗Ia单克隆抗体促进异基因皮肤移植耐受

2022-07-29
来源:求医网
[摘要] 目的:探索抗Ia单克隆抗体促进“细胞+环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide,CP)”系统诱导移植耐受的作用及其机制。方法:BALB/C(H-2d)小鼠经尾静脉注入C57BL/6(H-2b,B6)小鼠脾细胞,48h后腹腔注射CP,接着两天分别经尾静脉注入抗小鼠Ia单克隆抗体500 μg,然后进行皮肤移植,并于耐受30 d对受体小鼠作混合淋巴细胞反应(mixed lymphocyte reaction,MLR)、迟发型超敏反应(delayed type hypersensitivity,DTH)等耐受状态的检查。结果:B6小鼠的皮肤移植物在耐受BALB/C小鼠中存活期特异性延长,MLR和DTH检查证明BALB/C小鼠对B6小鼠的脾细胞产生特异性耐受,对无关第3者KM小鼠的脾细胞仍表现出强烈的免疫反应。机制研究发现,克隆不应答(anergy)和抑制细胞在耐受中起作用。结论:抗Ia单克隆抗体可明显促进“细胞+CP”诱导的异基因皮肤移植耐受。克隆不应答和抑制细胞是耐受的主要机制。

[中图分类号] R751.05[文献标识码] A[文章编号] 1000-1530(2000)04-0340-03

Study on the effect of anti-Ia monoclonal antibody in induction of

transplantation tolerance to the allogeneic skin graft

HUANG Hong-Si

(Department of Immunology, Peking University, Beijing100083, China)

HAO Jie

(Department of Immunology, Peking University, Beijing100083, China)

XIE Shu-Sheng

(Department of Immunology, Peking University, Beijing100083, China)

ABSTRACTObjective: To investigate the effect and mechanisms of anti-Ia monoclonal antibody (McAb) on tolerance induction by using the “cells-followed-by-CP” system.Methods: BALB/C mice (H-2d) received an injection of allogeneic spleen cells from C57BL/6 (B6) mice (H-2b) via the tail vein, followed by an intraperioneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CP) 48 hours later. In the following 2 days the mice were intraperioneally given anti-Ia McAb 500μg*d-1, then grafted with allogeneic skin from B6 mice to monitor the survival of the skin grafts. 30 days after induction of tolerance the MLR and DTH of tolerance BALB/C mice were examined to conform the tolerance status.Results: The survival time of allogeneic skin grafts in the tolerant BALB/C mice was prolonged significantly. The results of MLR and DTH indicated that BALB/C mice were tolerant to the spleen cells of B6, but not KM mice. The results of mechanism study suggested that the clonal anergy and suppressor cells exerted the effect on the tolerance.Conclusion: Anti-Ia McAb is able to improve the tolerance of allogeneic skin graft induced by “cells-followed-by-CP” system. Clonal anergy and suppressor cells are main mechanisms of the tolerance.

KEY WORDSTransplantation tolerance; Skin transplantation; Anti-Ia monoclonal antibody; Antibodies, monoclonal/pharmacol; Clone anergy

(J Beijing Med Univ, 2000,32:340-342)

诱导移植受体对供体器官特异的免疫耐受,是防止器官移植排斥的理想途径。用静脉注射供体脾细胞及腹腔注射环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide, CP)的方法,可以诱导出同种异基因小鼠肿瘤的移植耐受,但不能达到足够深度,不能延长异基因皮肤移植物的存活期[1]。本文在此方法的基础上,联合应用抗小鼠MHC Ⅱ类分子的抗Ia单克隆抗体(单抗),获得了异基因皮肤移植物的长期存活,并研究其耐受机制。

1材料与方法

实验动物:8~10周BALB/C(H-2d)小鼠、C57BL/6(H-2b,B6)小鼠、KM小鼠,雌性,由我校实验动物科学部提供。

试剂:CP为山西泰盛制药有限公司产品。抗小鼠Ia单抗:MK-D6杂交瘤细胞(分泌抗小鼠Ia单抗,为IgG2型,购自ATCC公司)接种于经腹腔注射降植烷(pristane)及CP的KM小鼠腹腔,10~12d后取腹水,离心取上清,以间接免疫荧光法测定抗体的效价。滤膜除菌,定量分装,-20℃保存备用。

耐受诱导和分组:BALB/C小鼠在移植前第4天尾静脉注射5×107个B6脾细胞(spleen cells, SC),48h后腹腔注射200mg*kg-1 CP,同时尾静脉注射抗小鼠Ia单抗每0.5ml 500μg, 皮肤移植当天再次尾静脉注射同量的抗小鼠Ia单抗,具体分组如下:(1) 未处理对照组;(2)抗Ia单抗组;(3)SC+CP组;(4)SC+CP+抗Ia单抗组。

皮肤移植:取B6及KM小鼠腹部全厚皮片,直径约1.5 cm,刮除皮下脂肪,分别移植于耐受诱导的BALB/C小鼠侧背部移植床上,稍干燥后,用创可贴包扎伤口。于皮肤移植后1周剪开创可贴,开始每日观察移植物的颜色、硬度、有无结痂、脱落及鼠毛生长。如皮片变硬或结痂脱落,则判定为移植排斥;皮片柔软或鼠毛生长则认为存活或耐受。

耐受小鼠对供者及无关第3者的迟发型超敏反应(delayed type hypersersitivity, DTH)和单向混合淋巴细胞反应(lymphocyte reaction, MLR)按文献[2]进行。

抑制细胞功能检查:2.5×105正常BALB/C小鼠脾细胞+2.5×105耐受BALB/C小鼠脾细胞+5×105 25 Gy照射灭活的B6小鼠脾细胞,于37℃,5%(体积分数)的CO2培养箱中培养72h后,测定MLR结果。

外源性IL-2对耐受小鼠MLR的影响:在上述耐受BALB/C→B6小鼠的单向混合淋巴细胞反应体系中,加入20 μl(1 IUμl-1)重组IL-2,37℃,5%(体积分数)CO2培养箱中培养72h后,测定MLR结果。

统计学处理:数据以±s表示,利用Excel数据分析功能,进行t检验。

2结果

2.1移植物存活

BALB/C小鼠对供体特异性B6小鼠皮肤移植物的存活情况如表1所示。第4组,皮肤移植物平均存活42.3 d,与对照各组差异均有显著性(P<0.001),其中1只小鼠的皮肤移植物存活>100 d,B6小鼠的皮片移植于白色耐受BALB/C小鼠背部后3周开始长出黑毛,显示受体完全接受了移植物。将无关品系KM小鼠的皮肤移植于对B6小鼠耐受的BALB/C小鼠,皮片仍可被正常排斥,说明移植物的长期存活不是非特异免疫抑制的结果,而是形成了供体特异的耐受状态。

表1抗Ia单抗促进小鼠异基因皮肤移植耐受(±s)

Table 1Improved transplantation tolerance

of allogeneic skin grafts by anti-Ia McAb (±s)

Group n anti-Ia SC(B6) CP Skin t/d 1 5 - - - B6 9.4±0.9 2 5 + - - B6 22.4±2.1* 3 5 - + + B6 12.2±1.9* 4 6 + + + B6 42.3±9.0*# 5 5 - - - KM 8.8±0.5 6 5 + + + KM 9.6±0.6

*P<0.001 compared with group1; # P<0.05 compared with group2 and group3.2.2DTH结果

耐受30 d后,第4组BALB/C小鼠对供体B6小鼠脾细胞的DTH反应仍在极低水平,其脚掌肿胀度为(0.168±0.035)mm,较对照组(0.647±0.068)mm差异有显著性(P<0.001),第2组(0.386±0.023)mm (P<0.05)比较亦有显著性差异,但对无关第3者KM小鼠脾细胞有正常的DTH反应。

2.3单向混合淋巴细胞反应(图1)

* P<0.01 compared with control group;

** P<0.001 compared with control group;

P<0.01