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内皮氧化低密度脂蛋白受体介导了氧化低密度脂蛋白对内皮

2022-07-29
来源:求医网
摘要目的:探讨氧化低密度脂蛋白(oxidized low density lipoprotein, ox-LDL)血管内皮受体(lectin-like ox-LDL receptor, LOX1)在ox-LDL致内皮细胞损伤中的作用及其机制。方法:放射配基结合及竞争抑制实验检测人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelia cells, HUVECs)存在LOX1的高亲和位点,采用倒置相差显微镜观察细胞形态的改变,测定细胞及上清乳酸脱氢酶(lactic dehydrogenase, LDH)活性,计算细胞死亡率,发色底物法检测内皮细胞培养液中的组织纤溶酶原激活物(tissue plasminogen activator, t-PA)和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂(plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, PAI-1)的活性; 反转录聚合酶链反应检测LOX1 mRNA表达水平,Ca2+示踪测定细胞钙转运功能。结果:HUVECs存在LOX1的高亲和位点[Bmax(54±20)ng/106 cells, Kd(2.0±0.6)×10-8 molL-1],单纯加入ox-LDL作用24h后,内皮细胞出现胞体收缩,细胞膜破坏等明显的损伤性改变,细胞死亡率增加,培养液中PAI-1活性较对照组增高3倍(P<0.05),LOX1 mRNA水平表达增高,而且ox-LDL引起细胞钙摄取增强;而当培养液中同时加有LOX1抑制剂polyinosinic acid时,减轻了ox-LDL引起的内皮细胞损伤,培养液中PAI-1活性降低约260%(P<0.05),LOX1mRNA水平降低,抑制了ox-LDL引起的细胞钙摄取。结论:LOX1介导了ox-LDL对内皮细胞的损伤。

中国图书资料分类法分类号R543

Oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor mediated the injury

of endothelial cells by oxidized low density lipoprotein

XU Ya-Qin, ZHANG Jun-Hua, TANG Chao-Shu, ZHANG Chun-Li, WANG Rong-Fu, NING Tao, et al

(#Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Research, the First Hospital, Beijing Medical University, Beijing100034)

MeSHReceptor, lipoproteinLipoproteins, LDLEndothelial, vascular/patholPlasminogen activators/analPlasminogen inactivators/analCalcium/metab

ABSTRACTObjective:To explore the role and mechanism of lectin-like ox-LDL receptor (LOX1) in injury of endothelial cells by oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL).MethodsRadioligand binding assessed if human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) possessed high affinity binding sites for LOX1. The morphological changes of endothelial cells were observed with inverted phasecontrast microscope; the mortality of HUVECs was assessed by the measurement of LDH, the dysfunction of HUVECs was determined by measuring tissue plasminogen activator(t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1)activity with Chromogenix;LOX1 mRNA expression was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),and the calcium transportation of endothelial cells was measured.Results: HUVECs possessed high affinity binding sites for LOX1[Bmax(54.5±20.3)ng/106cell, Kd(2.0±0.6)×10-8 molL-1]. Incubation of ox-LDL induced endothelial cells contraction and cellular membrane rupture, enhanced the mortality of HUVECs,increased PAI-1 activity 3 times more than control per 24h per 105 cells (P<0.05),enhanced LOX1 mRNA expression and the calcium uptaking,but had only minor effects on t-PA activity and calcium releasing of endothelial cells. When HUVECs were incubated with ox-LDL as well as the inhibitor of LOX1,polyinosinic acid,these changes of endothelial cells were attenuated.Conclusion: There are high affinity binding site to LOX1 in HUVECs. Ox-LDL upregulated LOX1 mRNA expression in a concentration-dependent manner. LOX1 may mediate the injury of HUVECs by ox-LDL ,and the rise of calcium uptaking may involve the injury of endothelial cells by LOX1 mediated.

(J Beijing Med Univ, 1999,31:547-551)

大量证据表明由氧化低密度脂蛋白(oxidized low density lipoprotein,ox-LDL)诱发的内皮细胞损伤是导致动脉粥样硬化、高血压等血管损伤性疾病的重要因素,但其详尽机制还不甚明了。近年研究发现不同组织细胞上存在多种ox-LDL受体,其中血凝素样的ox-LDL受体(lectin-like ox-LDL receptor, LOX1)是1997年Sawamura等[1]新发现的存在于血管内皮细胞表面的ox-LDL特异受体,本工作在培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelial cells, HUVECs)上,观察LOX1是否介导了ox-LDL致内皮细胞的损伤,并探讨其作用机制。

1材料与方法

1.1材料

HUVECs由北京市肿瘤防治研究所提供,组织纤溶酶原激活物(tissue plasminogen activator, tPA)和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂(plasminogen activator inhibitor, PAI)活性检测试剂盒购自上海荣盛公司,引物由Gibco公司合成,逆转录试剂盒、Taq酶、dNTP、RNA提取试剂盒购自Gibco公司。45Ca为Dupont NEN产品,Nicardipine、 polyinosinic acid(PIA)购自Sigma公司,LDL购自中国医学科学院基础医学研究所,125I和Idogen由本院核医学科提供。

1.2方法

1.2.1HUVECs系培养用含10%(体积分数)小牛血清的1640培养基培养,细胞汇集成单层达80%,0.1 gL-1胰酶37℃消化5min,以2×105接种于24孔板,培养24h后加药。

实验分组:(1)对照组;(2)ox-LDL 25 mgL-1;(3)ox-LDL 50 mgL-1;(4)ox-LDL 100 mgL-1;(5)ox-LDL 50 mgL-1+polyinosinic acid(250 mgL-1);(6)Nicardipine(10-6molL-1)+ox-LDL(50 mgL-1)。

1.2.2ox-LDL制备参照文献中所述[2],采用考马斯亮蓝法定量LDL,LDL在含5μmolL-1CuSO4的PBS中37℃氧化20 h。LDL氧化修饰程度通过测定硫代巴比妥酸反应物质(TBARS)值,ox-LDL产生的丙二醛是LDL的4.3倍。

1.2.3LOX1的放射性配基结合测定2.5×106贴壁内皮细胞分别加入终质量浓度为0.5~16mgL-1125I-ox-LDL,另一组同时加入非标记的ox-LDL600mgL-1,室温孵育2h,冰上用含150mmolL-1NaCl,50mmolL-1Tris,2mmolL-1EDTA,pH7.4,2gL-1BSA的溶液洗5遍,最后用无BSA的冰生理盐水洗一遍,室温下0.2molL-1 NaOH裂解细胞,γ-放射测定仪测定细胞放射活性,绘Scatchard曲线,求出LOX1的Bmax与Kd值。

1.2.4LOX1的竞争抑制实验加入终质量浓度为5 mgL-1125I-ox-LDL后,分别加333mgL-1ox-LDL、nLDL、清道夫受体阻滞剂Fucoidan、LOX1阻断剂PIA,行放射配基结合实验,操作同前。

1.2.5内皮细胞形态观察不同组内皮细胞在倒置相差显微镜下观察细胞单层和形态改变。

1.2.6LDH活性测定采用Mohan[3]报道的方法。分别测培养液和细胞内的LDH活性,细胞死亡率=培养液LDH活性/(细胞内LDH活性+培养液LDH活性)×100%。

1.2.7tPA、PAI活性测定采用发色底物法,操作按试剂盒说明进行。

1.2.8RNA提取应用一步法提取细胞总RNA,提取的RNA经电泳鉴定未被降解,SDU-68型紫外分光光度计对RNA初步定量,测定A260/A280>1.8,260 nm测吸光度(A)值,调整RNA质量浓度为1 gL-1

1.2.9RT-PCR采用反转录试剂盒,用Superscript RT 1μl,取1μl细胞总RNA在37℃孵育1h反转录合成cDNA链,72℃15min终止反应,取2μl合成的cDNA,1μl人LOX1上下游引物(sense primer 5′-TTACTCTCCATGGTGGTGCC-3′,

antisense primer 5′-AGCTTCTTCTGCTTGTTGCC-3′)和内参照上下游引物各1μl,在TagDNA聚合酶作用下进行PCR,PCR条件:94℃变性40s,55℃退火1min,72℃延伸1min,扩增产物用加了溴化乙锭的琼脂糖电泳进行显影,β-actin作为LOX1mRNA定量的内参对照同时<