中国图书资料分类法分类号R255.7-332
Study on the effects of kidney-supplementing spleen-invigorating stasis-removing recipe on immune function, free radical metabolism and whole blood viscosity in old mice
LI Zhi-Xin, WANG Chuan-She, LI Shun-Cheng
(Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Medical University, Beijing100083)
MeSHAging/drug effFree radicals/metabImmunocompetence/drug effBlood viscosity/drug effkidney-supplementing spleen-invigorating stasis-removing recipe☆
ABSTRACTObjective: In order to verify the reliability and reasonability of the theory that“deficiency of ZhengQi complicated with blood stasis” is the main cause/mechanism of aging. The effect of TianNianAn(TNA), a recipe of the kidney-supplementing spleen-invigorating blood stasis-removing on immune function 、free radical metabolism and whole blood viscosity in old mice was studied.Methods: After old mice were medicated with TNA for 4 weeks, interleukin-2(IL-2) production of splenic lymphocytes, interleukin-1(IL-1) production of peritoneal macrophages, SOD, CAT and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activities in erythrocytes, LPO contents in liver ( brain and the whole blood viscosity were detected.Results: The activities of IL-1, IL-2, SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in old mice were significantly lower than those in the young mice, and LPO contents in liver and brain and the whole blood viscosity were higher. After medication of TNA, the above-mentioned indices were obviously improved.Conclusion: The old organism really exists the constitution of “deficiency” and “stasis”, and further provides an experimental basis for our viewpoint. Meanwhile the decrease of IL-2 production was closely related with the function of macrophage and free radical metabolism, besides lower function of T lymphocyte.
(J Beijing Med Univ, 1999,31:442-445)
当前,中医有关衰老的原因/机制尚无定论,但普遍认为“肾虚是中医衰老的主要原因/机制之一”。然而,中医还认为“肾为先天之本,脾为后天之本”、“先天生后天,后天养先天”,故脾胃不足亦是导致肾虚、进而促进衰老的重要因素。但虚久必瘀、瘀又加重虚,虚与瘀互为因果共同促进衰老进程。根据中西医衰老理论、临床实践及实验研究,我们提出了“正虚挟瘀(肾阴阳两虚、脾气虚挟瘀)是中医衰老的主要原因/机制,补肾健脾化瘀是延缓衰老的重要途径”的论点[1],为了验证上述观点,我们观察了补肾健脾化瘀法对老年小鼠免疫分子白细胞介素1(interleukin-1, IL-1)和白细胞介素2(interleukin, IL-2)的产生、自由基代谢及全血粘度的影响。
1材料与方法
1.1动物
C57BL/6健康雄性小鼠, 由北京医科大学实验动物部提供,本室饲养至老年(20月龄),青年鼠为3月龄;实验分成3组,即青年对照组、老年对照组、老年天年安组。
1.2中药
补肾健脾化瘀天年安主要由枸杞子、薏米、红花等组成,所用中药饮片均购自北京同仁堂药店, 并经过鉴定。 该方水煎2次,合并滤液,浓缩1.5 kg·L-1。灌胃给药,每天每只0.6 ml,持续4周,对照组喂同等量的自来水。
1.3试剂
Hank's液: 临用前加50 ml·L-1灭活的新鲜小牛血清(new calf serum, NCS)及青链霉素各1万单位。 完全RPMI-1640培养液(GIBCO): 用前加入100ml·L-1NCS、1.00×105u·L-1青霉素、100mg·L-1链霉素、5×10-5mol·L-1的2-巯基乙醇、367mg·L-1 L-谷氨酰胺。刀豆素A(concanavalin A, ConA)、脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide, LPS) 由Sigma公司生产。吲哚美辛购自北京医科大学实验药厂。3H-胸腺嘧啶核苷(3H-thymodine,3H-TdR) 中国上海科学院原子核能研究所生产。闪烁液: 称取2,5-二硝基恶唑(2,5-diphenyloxazole, PPO, 美国MERK药厂) 2.5g、1,4-双(5-苯基恶唑-2)-苯[1,4-bis(5-phenyloxazoyl-2)benzene, POPOP](上海试剂一厂)0.25g溶于500ml二甲苯中。超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)标准品购自中科院上海生物化学研究所,联大茴香胺购自Fluka AG CH-9470 Bucks,硫代巴比妥酸购自中国上海试剂二厂。
1.4淋巴因子产生及测定方法
(1)IL-1上清: 腹腔巨噬细胞2×106ml-1、加LPS(终质量浓度10mg·L-1)和吲哚美辛(终浓度10mol·L-1), 培养48h后收集上清,检测参照文献[2];(2)IL-2的产生及检测: 参考Andersson法[3]。淋巴母细胞的制备: 3月龄小鼠, 脾细胞悬液5×106ml-1, 同时加ConA(终浓度7mg·L-1), 培养72h。IL-2上清的检测: 将上述淋巴母细胞配成2×106ml-1,放入96孔板中,每孔0.1ml(待测IL-2上清已倍比稀释于此板中,每分闪烁数0.1ml)。培养24h, 收集前6 h加入3H-TdR每孔20 μg(3.7×1011 Bq·L-1), 收集细胞, 液闪检测每分闪烁数(cpm)值。
1.5自由基指标的检测
小鼠摘眼球取血,肝素抗凝,冰水中保存备用。断头处死动物,迅速取出约0.3 g肝组织并剥取全脑,用冷生理盐水制成100 mg·L-1组织匀浆,冰水中保存备用。同时迅速准确称取(25±5)mg肝组织,放入1ml冷乙二胺四乙酸(ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, EDTA)三氯乙酸液中保存备用。采用硫代巴比妥酸(thiobarbituric acid, TBA)比色法测定肝、脑脂质过氧化(lipid peroxides, LPO)含量;过硼酸钠滴定法测定红细胞过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)活性;光化学扩增法测定红细胞SOD活性;5,5′-二硫对硝基苯[5,5′-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid), DTNB]直接法测定红细胞谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px)活性测定。
1.6全血粘度的测定
取1.5 ml抗凝血测定其不同的切变率(1、5、50、100s-1)下的全血粘度ηa。
1.7统计学处理
所有数据均用±s表示,组间比较采用t检验。
2结果
2.1补肾健脾化瘀天年安对老年小鼠免疫功能的影响(表1、2)
表1天年安对老年小鼠IL-1产生的影响(±s)
Table 1Effect of TNA on the production of IL-1 in old mice(±s)
A/Bq
Group n φB 1∶5 1∶10 1∶20 1∶40 Young control 7 195±30 186±46 208±62 167±45 Old control 7 42±10*** 71±22*** 78±21*** 79±24*** Old TNA 6 96±9###