学
中国图书资料分类法分类号R737.31
Clinicopathological analysis and human papilloma virus status
of ovarian mature cystic teratoma with malignant transformation
SHEN Dan-Hua#, ZHANG Ya-Xian (CHEUNG ANY), XUE Wei-Cheng, YAN Wan-Chang (NGAN HYS)
(#Department of Pathology, People's Hospital, Beijing Medical University, Beijing100044)
ABSTRACTObjective: To analyze the clinicopathological feature and status of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection of ovarian mature cystic teratoma with malignant transformation.Methods: The clinical and pathological data of 14 cases ovarian mature cystic teratoma with malignant transformation were analyzed. Detection of HPV in 7 cases of tumors and cervices was performed by PCR technique.Results: The ages of patients ranged from 30 to 82 years (mean, 61.7 years). The tumor size (diameter) ranged from 8 cm to 21 cm (mean, 13 cm). Histologically, there were 11 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (78.6%), one of adenocarcinoma, one of thyroid papillary carcinoma, and one of strumous carcinoid. There was no evidence of HPV infection in the cases studied.Conclusion: Ovarian mature cystic teratoma with malignant teratoma is uncommon and in most cases occurs in postmenopausal women. Squamous cell carcinoma is of the most common histological type. The absence of HPV suggests that there is no association between HPV infection and this tumour.
MeSH Ovarian neoplasms/patholPapillomavirus, human/isolTeratocarcinoma/pathol
成熟性囊性畸胎瘤(mature cystic teratoma, MCT)是女性卵巢较常见的肿瘤,占所有卵巢肿瘤的10%~34%[1~3]。本病少数病例可以发生恶性转化,称为成熟性囊性畸胎瘤恶变(MCT with malignant transformation)。虽然畸胎瘤的3个胚层均可发生恶变,但鳞状细胞癌是最常见的组织类型。有许多研究显示人类乳头瘤病毒(human papilloma virus, HPV)感染与生殖系统的鳞状细胞癌有关。我们分析了14例来自北京和香港的卵巢MCT恶变患者的临床及病理学特征,并对其中7例鳞状细胞癌进行HPV检测,以探讨HPV感染与鳞状细胞癌的关系。
1材料与方法
材料来源:收集1983~1998年间14例卵巢MCT恶变病例:其中6例来自北京医科大学人民医院,8例来自香港大学玛丽医院。所有材料均采用100 g·L-1的福尔马林固定,石蜡包埋。
复习及总结临床病历,观察HE切片进行组织学分类[2]。
对7例鳞状细胞癌病例,分别从宫颈及肿瘤组织包埋块中切片提取DNA。使用HPV16、HPV16B、HPV18、HPVL1作为引物,应用PCR扩增技术后,检测样本中的HPV[8]。
2结果
2.1临床表现(表1)
14例病人发病年龄为30~82岁(平均61.7岁),其中9例发生在绝经后,1例在更年期,4例为生育期。 病人主要的临床症状是腹胀,腹部包块。2例病人近期消瘦。 12例肿瘤诊断时的临床分期为5例Ⅰ期,1例Ⅱ期,4例Ⅲ期,2例Ⅳ期。13例为单侧卵巢肿物,其中10例位于右侧卵巢,3例位于左侧卵巢;1例为双侧卵巢肿瘤,恶变肿瘤位于左侧卵巢。治疗采用子宫加双附件切除,其中2例进行局部淋巴结清扫。术后化疗。在随访的10例病人中,目前有5例在本病诊断后1年内死亡,另5例存活6个月~4年。
2.2病理所见
大体:肿瘤直径8~21cm,8例肿瘤包膜完整,表面光滑,6例肿瘤与周围组织有粘连。切面:肿瘤呈囊性或囊实性,囊内均可见油脂及毛发物。囊内壁可见结节状增厚区或团块状实性区,范围从2~9 cm不等(图1),该区域大部分呈灰白色,两例甲状腺肿恶变者实性区呈淡褐色。 鳞状细胞癌变者部分区域形成乳头或菜花状结构,质地较脆,常伴有出血、坏死。
表1卵巢成熟性囊性畸胎瘤恶变患者临床病理表现
Table 1Clinical-pathological feature of ovarian mature cystic teratoma with malignant transformation
No Diagnosis Age Side Size Clinicalstage Follow up 1 Carcinoid 68 RO 18.0 cm×15.0 cm×6.0 cm FF 2 S.C.C 67 RO 21.0 cm×13.0 cm×11.0 cm Ⅳ Alive after 27 months S.C.C 73 RO 10.0 cm×10.0 cm×7.0 cm FF 4 S.C.C 81 RO 17.0 cm×17.0 cm×12.0 cm Ⅲ FF 5 S.C.C 79 RO 8.0 cm×5.0 cm×4.0 cm Ⅳ Died after 2 months 6 S.C.C 71 RO 8.0 cm×7.0 cm×2.0 cm Ia FF 7 S.C.C 79 RO 11.0 cm×11.0 cm×10.0 cm Ia Died after 5 months 8 S.C.C 82 LO 14.0 cm×10.0 cm×4.0 cm Ⅰ Died after 12 months 9 S.C.C 56 RO 10.0 cm×5.0 cm×10.0 cm Ⅲc Died after 6 months 10 Adeno CA 41 RO 12.0 cm×12.5 cm×9.5 cm Ⅰa Alive after 48 months 11 S.C.C 30 LO 9.0 cm×10.0 cm×7.0 cm Ⅱb Died after 8 months 12 PapCA 43 RO 15.0 cm×8.0 cm×4.0 cm Ⅰa Alive after 60 months 13 S.C.C 41 LO 10.0 cm×8.0 cm×8.0 cm Ⅲa FF 14 S.C.C 53 LO 9.0 cm×5.5 cm×4.5 cm Ⅲ Alive after 6 months
S.C.C, squamous cell carcinoma; papCA, thyroid papillary carcinoma; Carcinoid, strumous carcinoid; Adeno CA, adenocarcinoma; LO: left ovary; RO, right ovary; FF: fail follow up.
镜下:所有肿瘤均可见成熟性畸胎瘤成分,包括分化好的鳞状上皮、皮肤附属器、脂肪组织、纤维结缔组织等。有11例为鳞状上皮成分恶变,其中9例为高分化的鳞状细胞癌,有7例可以找到良性上皮恶性变的过渡区。另2例鳞状细胞癌组织分化较差,向间质内浸润生长,呈恶性纤维组织细胞瘤样改变。2例成熟性畸胎瘤伴有卵巢甲状腺肿成分,其中1例在甲状腺组织内出现典型的乳头状腺癌结构,另1例在甲状腺肿中出现类癌成分,瘤细胞排列成实性巢和小腺泡状,细胞大小一致,胞浆红染(图2)。免疫组化染色显示NSE及Chromogranin A阳性。1例在成熟性畸胎瘤中出现粘液腺癌成分。
2.3HPV检测
对7例鳞状细胞癌病例的宫颈及瘤体组织PCR扩增,PCR产物经40 g·L-1凝胶电泳后分析,除阳性对照外,未发现阳性样本。
图1卵巢成熟性囊性畸胎瘤鳞状细胞癌变
肿瘤呈囊性改变局部伴有实性区
Figure 1Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma.
The tumour had a predominantly cystic appearance with focal solid areas.
